Results for “SVR”

Krill oil is a marine oil obtained from Antarctic krill (Euphausia superba), a small planktonic crustacean. In food supplements it is used as a source of long-chain omega-3 fatty acids, mainly EPA and DHA, which in krill are often present in phospholipid-bound forms alongside a fraction of triglycerides. Commercial products are typically standardised for their EPA+DHA content and are most commonly presented as softgel capsules, more rarely as a liquid oil. As an animal-derived ingredient, its composition can vary with extraction and purification methods. In formulations, krill oil may be combined with added antioxidants to support oxidative stability and with other marine oils.

Valerian (Valeriana officinalis L.) is a perennial herb; in products the dried root and rhizome are most commonly used and may appear on labels as “valerian root” or Valerianae radix. The plant material is typically processed as root powder, a dry extract, or a hydroalcoholic extract, and it may be standardised to characteristic constituents such as valerenic acids. In food supplements it is commonly presented in capsules, tablets, or liquid drops, either alone or blended with other botanical extracts. In cosmetics it can appear as a botanical ingredient or fragrance-related component, with INCI names such as Valeriana Officinalis Rhizome/Root Extract. The botanical species and plant part matter, because the name “valerian” is sometimes used more loosely for other Valeriana species.

Tribulus terrestris is a herbaceous plant from the Zygophyllaceae family, widely known in botanical literature as “puncture vine”, with product uses typically involving the fruit, aerial parts, and root. In food supplements it is most often found as a plant powder or as a dry extract, frequently standardised for steroidal saponins (e.g., furostanol glycosides) and sometimes declared with a percentage of protodioscin, depending on plant part and origin. The chemical profile of extracts can vary markedly with chemotype, extraction method, and standardisation approach, so labels may also specify an extract ratio (e.g., DER) or percentages of defined fractions. In cosmetics it may appear as a botanical extract for topical use, listed under an INCI name that specifies the plant part (for example, a root extract or a fruit/stem extract). In formulations it is commonly combined with other botanicals and carriers such as maltodextrin, while in topical products it may be included in serums, creams, or toners featuring plant extracts.

Vitamin D3 (cholecalciferol) is a fat-soluble vitamin naturally present in the body and in some animal-derived foods. In dietary supplements, it is commonly used as cholecalciferol, dissolved in oil and measured in micrograms (µg) or international units (IU), in soft capsules, drops, or tablets. The raw material can come from lanolin (sheep wool fat) or from vegan sources through fermentation and subsequent processing. In cosmetic formulations, it may appear as an ingredient in small amounts, usually listed on the label with the INCI name "Cholecalciferol." As a substance, it is a derivative of sterols with a lipophilic structure, often combined with oil carriers for stability and distribution. In products, the designation "D3" is used to distinguish it from vitamin D2 (ergocalciferol), which is another form of vitamin D.

Rose hip (Rosa canina) is a wild rose species; in products, the main material used is its fruit, commonly called the “hip”, as well as the seeds. In supplements it appears as dried fruit powder, fruit extract (e.g., extraction ratios such as 4:1), or as a standardised extract, typically presented in capsules, tablets, powders, or blended botanical formulas. In cosmetics it is listed under INCI names such as Rosa Canina Fruit Extract, Rosa Canina Fruit Oil, or Rosa Canina Seed Oil, used in oils, serums, creams, and balms. The raw material may be produced with carriers/solvents such as glycerin or glycols for extracts, or by pressing/extraction for oils from the fruit or seeds. On labels it may also be written as “rosehip” or “dog rose”, referring to the same botanical species.

Vitamin K2 is the name for a group of vitamin K forms called menaquinones, sharing the same 2‑methyl‑1,4‑naphthoquinone core and differing by the length of their isoprenoid side chain. It occurs naturally in certain fermented foods and in animal-derived foods, and in the body some vitamin K can be converted into specific menaquinone forms. In supplements, vitamin K2 is most commonly provided as menaquinone‑7 (MK‑7) or menaquinone‑4 (MK‑4), typically dissolved in oil and filled into softgels, or deposited onto carriers such as microcrystalline cellulose for tablets and capsules. On labels it may appear as “menaquinone”, “MK‑7”, or “MK‑4”, with amounts usually declared in micrograms. In cosmetics, vitamin K and related derivatives may be used in low-percentage topical formulas, often in oil-soluble or encapsulated delivery systems. As a fat‑soluble vitamin, it is commonly formulated with lipid ingredients to support stability and dispersion within the product.