Results for “F&F”

Red clover (Trifolium pratense L.) is a herbaceous plant from the legume family (Fabaceae), recognised by its pink flower heads. In supplements it is most often used as a botanical extract from the flowering tops or flowers, frequently standardised to its isoflavone content (e.g., biochanin A, formononetin, daidzein, genistein). Such extracts appear in capsules, tablets, powders or liquid drops, and may be listed on labels as “Trifolium pratense extract” or as flower/leaf-derived extracts. In cosmetics it is used as a flower or leaf extract declared under its INCI name, and may be supplied in aqueous, glycerinic or hydroalcoholic bases. In topical formulas it is found in serums, creams and scalp or skin products, often as part of multi-botanical blends. The exact composition depends on the plant part, extraction method and the degree of standardisation.

Bifidobacterium refers to a genus of Gram‑positive, anaerobic bacteria that naturally occur in the human and mammalian gastrointestinal tract. In food supplements it is typically present as live cultures identified at species level and often at strain level, shown on labels with a Latin name plus a strain code or number. Because many bifidobacteria are sensitive to oxygen and moisture, common presentations are capsules or powders using protective technologies (e.g., protective matrices or microencapsulation) and the amount is usually expressed as CFU. In cosmetics, the genus name is most often encountered through fermentation-derived materials, such as Bifida Ferment Lysate or related ferment filtrates, which are not necessarily live microorganisms. These fermented materials are used in water-based formulas such as serums and creams as soluble biotech ingredients. In practice, “Bifidobacterium” on an ingredient list may indicate either an oral probiotic culture or a topical ferment derivative, so the exact meaning depends on the form stated on the label.

Passionflower commonly refers to Passiflora incarnata L., a climbing plant in the Passifloraceae family; in supplements the aerial parts (herb) are most often used. On labels it may appear as dried cut-and-sifted herb, powdered herb, dry extract, or as a tincture/fluid extract, frequently prepared with water–ethanol mixtures and expressed with an extract ratio (e.g., DER) or as dried-herb equivalent. Extract composition varies with plant part and extraction method, so products may be standardized according to manufacturer specifications. In cosmetics it is used as a botanical extract under its INCI naming, typically supplied in aqueous or hydro-glycolic media for face, body, and hair formulas. It can also be encountered as fruit extract or flower extract depending on the intended profile and the declared INCI. In finished products it is commonly presented as capsules, tablets, tea blends, or dropper liquids for oral use, and as an ingredient in creams, serums, and shampoos.

Tribulus terrestris is a herbaceous plant from the Zygophyllaceae family, widely known in botanical literature as “puncture vine”, with product uses typically involving the fruit, aerial parts, and root. In food supplements it is most often found as a plant powder or as a dry extract, frequently standardised for steroidal saponins (e.g., furostanol glycosides) and sometimes declared with a percentage of protodioscin, depending on plant part and origin. The chemical profile of extracts can vary markedly with chemotype, extraction method, and standardisation approach, so labels may also specify an extract ratio (e.g., DER) or percentages of defined fractions. In cosmetics it may appear as a botanical extract for topical use, listed under an INCI name that specifies the plant part (for example, a root extract or a fruit/stem extract). In formulations it is commonly combined with other botanicals and carriers such as maltodextrin, while in topical products it may be included in serums, creams, or toners featuring plant extracts.

Rose hip (Rosa canina) is a wild rose species; in products, the main material used is its fruit, commonly called the “hip”, as well as the seeds. In supplements it appears as dried fruit powder, fruit extract (e.g., extraction ratios such as 4:1), or as a standardised extract, typically presented in capsules, tablets, powders, or blended botanical formulas. In cosmetics it is listed under INCI names such as Rosa Canina Fruit Extract, Rosa Canina Fruit Oil, or Rosa Canina Seed Oil, used in oils, serums, creams, and balms. The raw material may be produced with carriers/solvents such as glycerin or glycols for extracts, or by pressing/extraction for oils from the fruit or seeds. On labels it may also be written as “rosehip” or “dog rose”, referring to the same botanical species.

Dandelion (Taraxacum officinale) is a perennial herbaceous plant from the Asteraceae family, widely found across Europe and beyond. In supplements it is typically used as a botanical extract from the root and/or leaves, presented as a powder, capsule, tablet, or liquid, with specifications that vary by plant part and extraction method. In cosmetics it appears under INCI naming, most commonly as “Taraxacum Officinale Extract”, as well as more specific variants that indicate the plant part (e.g., root or aerial parts). Extracts may be water-based, glycerin-based, or hydroalcoholic and are incorporated into formulas such as serums, creams, toners, and scalp-care products. The plant’s natural composition includes a complex mixture of botanical constituents such as polyphenols and sesquiterpene lactones, which can vary with origin and standardisation. On labels, the Latin botanical name is commonly used to ensure precise identification of the species.